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The information in the completed sentences should be an accurate summary of points made by the writer.
You may use any phrase more than once.
Example                             Answer
There will be more green space available´             E

34. Residential density in cities will be increased...
35. There are two types of...
36. There are three types of...
37.Developers are unlikely to build houses...
38.Planners might try to dictate...
39. Many people will not be happy...
A people likely to want to live in high-density accommodation. (兆簡)
B living in higher density accommodation. (蛍簡玉囂)
C if houses are built smaller.
E if residential density in cities is increased. (斑化彜囂貫鞘)
D where old people should live.
F where people do not want to live.
G attitude towards city living.


Answer:
34. C 35. G 36. A 37. F 38.D 39. B/E


Passage2..
Literacy in Freedonia's prisons

  In 1993,the Government d Freedoma's National Prisons Directorate (NPD) carried
out a research project to investigate the extent of literacy in Freedonia's prison
population.

  The notion that prisoners are poor readers and writers seems to be questioned
very little by the public despite the lack of hard evidence to support such a view.
The1e media, in particular, continue to portray prisoner as illiterate and generally
poorly educated. Freedonia's leading daily newspaper, The Freedonian, for example,
frequently makes such statements as 'Freedonia's jails are full of people who can't
read!'(4 May, 1992). But the media are not the only ones who are critical. Research
into attitudes of prison officials shows that they, too, hold that prisoners are
poor readers (McDonne11,1989). Overseas studies have also been influential in
strengthening this view. For example, a survey of Canadian prisoners by Kohl in 1987
revealed a literacy rate ranging from 15% to 55%, while an Australian study of the
same year showed similar results. To add to the general criticism, Freedoonia's
criminologists are beginning to suggest that crime is a product of illiteracy (Bass,
1988;katz&Wallport, 1989). The NPD commissioned its study to compare prisoner
literacy with that of the general public to see how Freedonian prisoners actually
conform tοthese perceptions.

  The study, carried out by the Literacy Institute of the Freedonian National
University, took as samples 200 male prisoners from Yaxchilan Men's Correctional
Institute and 150 female prisoners from Monambak Women's Prison. The prisoners were
each made to work through a series of activities designed to assess performance in
three separate literacy areas. The three areas included what the study tem1ede
'X-literacy', which is the ability to correctly fill out forms or follow written
directions; 'Y-literacy', the comprehension of reading passages; and 'Z-literacy',
which calls for correct interpretation of text that is primarily number-based. This
latter skill often includes some calculation. All activities were identical to those
used in a national adult literacy survey carried out in 1990.

  It was found that the prison population did, in fact, have a lower rate of
X-literacy than the general population, but that the overall difference was slight.
In an activity which had the prisoners complete mock job applications, for example,
just 62% of female and 60% of male prisoners could correctly fill out the
applications compared with 66%in the national adult sample (see figure l). Similar
differences were found between general and prison population completing insurance
applications, although it should be mentioned that individual differences in this
task were great.

  There were activities in which prisoners did more noticeably worse. however.
In one activity, the proportion of male prisoners who could correctly identify the
main and secondary points of newspaper articles was 54%, compared with 64% of the
general public. Interestingly, female prisoners, with 61%, were much closer to the
national average for this activity. Prisoners, again more noticeably males, also
did significantly worse in keeping a running total of a bank account, a quantitative
task of relative complexity.

  But, Importantly, both male and female prisoners outperformed the national adult
sample in other activities; in one, far fewer general adults than prisoners could
correctly interpret tram timetables, while in identifying directions on medical
prescriptions, both male and female prisoners were marginally better than their
counterparts on the other side of the prison fence.

Questions 14-18
Below is a list of the materials used in assessing the three literacy areas in the NPD study. Complete the list. Choose ONE or TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 14-18 on your answer sheet. aWww Mortgagereductionmortage Tag Conway Twitty Mortgage Reduction Mortage testmodel g Mortgage Reduction Mortage rWww Mortgagereductionmortage Tag Conway Twitty Mortgage Reduction Mortage testmodel c Mortgage Reduction Mortage